Why South Africa’s Youth Do Not Vote and What This Means for The Future of Democracy

South Africa’s transition to democracy in 1994 was a monumental moment in global history. But three decades later, a troubling trend is emerging—our young people are tuning out of the political process. The fact that South Africa’s Youth Do Not Vote in large numbers is raising serious questions… questions about the future of democracy in the country.

A Look at the Numbers: Who’s Not Voting?

In the 2024 general elections, only 15% of 18-19-year-olds registered to vote. For those in their twenties, the figure barely reached half. The Institute of Race Relations (IRR) reported that many young South Africans not only skip voting—they’re not even registered. It’s not about laziness. It’s about disillusionment.

Many young South Africans feel excluded and ignored by the political system. When you’re unemployed, under-resourced, and overwhelmed, casting a vote can feel like a pointless exercise.

Why South Africa’s Youth Do Not Vote: Disillusionment and Distrust

Political trust is running on empty. From parliament to local councils, young people say they don’t see leaders who represent them. According to the University of Johannesburg, there’s a growing feeling that voting doesn’t bring about real change.

“It feels like politicians show up when they need votes and disappear afterwards,” says Thando, a 21-year-old student in Soweto. “They don’t get what we’re going through. So why should I trust them with my vote?”

It’s a sentiment echoed by thousands. From broken promises to corruption scandals, the system feels rigged in favour of the few.

Unemployment: A Wall Between Youth and the Ballot Box

Youth unemployment is sky-high. Stats SA reports that over 60% of South Africans aged 15–24 are unemployed. It’s not just an economic issue—it’s a political one.

Gabriel Crouse from the IRR explains, “A young person who feels abandoned by the job market often also feels abandoned by the political system. Voting seems irrelevant when nothing seems to change.”

ALSO READ: Electronic Voting in South Africa: What It Really Means for Future Elections

What They Don’t Teach at School: Civic Education Gaps

South Africa’s schools often fall short in preparing young people for democratic participation. Civic education, when offered, tends to be textbook-heavy and far removed from reality.

The UJ study found that more practical, engaging approaches to civic education could make a difference. If young people understand how their vote impacts their lives, they’re more likely to use it.

Real Obstacles: Not Just Apathy

Many young people move around for work or study, making it hard to vote where they’re registered. Re-registering is often seen as too much admin.

And then there’s the messaging. Political campaigns usually target older voters, leaving young voices out of the picture. Without relatable candidates or real outreach, youth feel invisible.

Why This Matters: The Bigger Picture for Democracy

If South Africa’s youth don’t vote, democracy loses a crucial voice. Young people make up the largest demographic in the country. If they’re absent from the polls, policymaking will continue to favour older voters.

That’s a dangerous imbalance. Democracy thrives on participation. When the youth feel sidelined, the system’s legitimacy is at risk.

“Youth disengagement isn’t just a challenge—it’s a warning,” says Dr. Thabo Leshilo, a Johannesburg-based political analyst. “Fixing it means fixing how democracy works for everyone.”

The Way Forward: What Can Be Done?

We need a multi-faceted approach to turn this around:

1. Make Civic Education Real

Bring democracy lessons to life in schools. Encourage debate, critical thinking, and practical voting exercises. Use digital platforms and youth-friendly content.

2. Simplify the Voting Process

Make re-registration easier and more accessible. Introduce digital tools and reminders to keep young voters informed and engaged.

3. Let Youth Lead

Political parties need to uplift young leaders, not just speak about them. Real representation starts with real inclusion.

4. Tackle Youth Unemployment

Economic empowerment is key. When young people feel they have a stake in the economy, they’re more likely to participate politically.

5. Speak Their Language

Use social media, podcasts, and community influencers to share information in a way that resonates. The youth are digital natives—meet them there.

Media and Civil Society: Vital Voices

The media must play its part by covering youth issues fairly and consistently. Civil society can help fill the gaps with voter education drives, registration help, and advocacy.

Groups like the IRR and university-led initiatives are already showing the way—bridging the divide between citizens and the state.

Wrapping Up: The Ballot Is Power

It’s deeply concerning that South Africa’s youth don’t vote, but this can change. By understanding why they’re staying away and offering real solutions, we can bring them back into the fold.

We must make voting matter again. A healthy democracy relies on every voice being heard—especially the ones with the most at stake.